Understanding Depression
Glossary · a plain-language explainer. Labels can be helpful when they reduce shame and add clarity. They are not your identity.
What it is
Depression is more than feeling sad. It is a lasting change in mood, energy and interest that makes everyday life feel heavier. It can look different from person to person, and it is common and treatable.
Common signs
- Low or flat mood most of the day, for two weeks or more
- Losing interest or pleasure in things you used to enjoy
- Changes in sleep, appetite or energy
- Trouble concentrating or making decisions
- Harsh self-criticism, guilt or feeling worthless
- Feeling numb, or like you are going through the motions
Mood vs. motivation
With depression, motivation often comes after action, not before it. Waiting to “feel like it” can keep you stuck. Small, manageable steps toward things that matter to you can gradually lift mood.
Support options
Therapy can help you understand what is feeding the low mood, ease self-criticism and rebuild routines and connection. Some people also benefit from talking with their family doctor about medical options. Both can work together.
Tools that may help
- Self-Compassion Reset (PDF) — a three-minute practice for when you’re being hard on yourself.
- Name the Feeling emotion wheel (PDF) — to find the word that actually fits what you feel.
When to reach out
If low mood has lasted more than a couple of weeks or is affecting daily life, reach out. If you are having thoughts of suicide, call or text 9-8-8 any time, or call 911 if you are in immediate danger.
Ready to talk it through?
Tools can help, and you don’t have to figure it out alone. A free 15-minute consult is a low-pressure way to ask questions and see whether working together feels right.
Need help right now?
If you or someone else is in immediate danger, call 911 or go to your nearest emergency department. You can call or text 9-8-8 (Suicide Crisis Helpline, 24/7). Under 18? Call Kids Help Phone at 1-800-668-6868 or text CONNECT to 686868.
This page is for general education. It is not a diagnosis and not a substitute for care from a regulated health professional. Last reviewed: October 2026.